Basic Arithmetic Operations: Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division
Understanding basic arithmetic operations is fundamental in mathematics. These operations include addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
Addition
Addition is the process of combining two or more numbers to get their total or sum.
Symbol:
- Plus (+)
Examples:
1. 7 + 5 = 12
- Seven plus five equals twelve.
2. 15 + 8 = 23
- Fifteen plus eight equals twenty-three.
3. 3.2 + 4.5 = 7.7
- Three point two plus four point five equals seven point seven.
4. -3 + 7 = 4
- Negative three plus seven equals four.
5. 0 + 10 = 10
- Zero plus ten equals ten.
Subtraction
Subtraction is the process of removing a number from another number to get the difference.
Symbol:
- Minus (-)
Examples:
1. 10 - 6 = 4
- Ten minus six equals four.
2. 20 - 8 = 12
- Twenty minus eight equals twelve.
3. 5.5 - 2.3 = 3.2
- Five point five minus two point three equals three point two.
4. -5 - 3 = -8
- Negative five minus three equals negative eight.
5. 7 - 0 = 7
- Seven minus zero equals seven.
Multiplication:
Multiplication is the process of adding a number to itself a certain number of times.
Symbol:
- Times (×) or Asterisk (*)
Examples:
1. 4 × 3 = 12
- Four times three equals twelve.
2. 7 × 5 = 35
- Seven times five equals thirty-five.
3. 2.5 × 4 = 10
- Two point five times four equals ten.
4. -6 × 3 = -18
- Negative six times three equals negative eighteen.
5. 8 × 0 = 0
- Eight times zero equals zero.
Division
Division is the process of splitting a number into equal parts.
Symbol:
- Divided by (÷) or Slash (/)
Examples:
1. 20 ÷ 4 = 5
- Twenty divided by four equals five.
2. 15 ÷ 3 = 5
- Fifteen divided by three equals five.
3. 9.6 ÷ 2 = 4.8
- Nine point six divided by two equals four point eight.
4. -12 ÷ 4 = -3
- Negative twelve divided by four equals negative three.
5. 0 ÷ 7 = 0
- Zero divided by seven equals zero.
Visual Representation:
Addition:
```
5 + 3 = 8
* * * * * + * * * = * * * * * * * *
```
Subtraction:
```
8 - 3 = 5
* * * * * * * * - * * * = * * * * *
```
Multiplication:
```
3 × 4 = 12
* * * × 4 = * * * * * * * * * * * *
```
Division:
```
12 ÷ 3 = 4
* * * * * * * * * * * * ÷ 3 = * * * (three groups of four)
```
Summary
Mastering the four basic arithmetic operations—addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division—is essential for solving more complex mathematical problems. These operations form the foundation for understanding and performing calculations in various fields, from basic math to advanced sciences.
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